Let's split it:
1. cout<<++*ptr++;
These two plus signs are called preincrementation. 'Incrementation;' means adding 1 to the value of something, "incrementing" it. 'Pre' means that it happens before the operation. Combining these two we can conclude that it first adds 1 to the value and after then it is printed out in console.
2. cout<<++*ptr++;
It is counterpart of preincrementation, namely postincrementation. Post signifies that this time it is operation that goes first and only then the value is increased by 1. So in this case firstly we print out the value and secondly we add 1 to it.
2. cout<<++*ptr++;
If you don't know by now, in programming languages there is a concept of 'pointers'. They are a special type of data that is used to store memory address of other types of data (such as numbers, strings, etc.). In this case scenario *ptr means the value pointer is pointing to.