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Can you tell me why the index is out of range?

+3 votes
asked Mar 30 by SSSsunweb (150 points)
package main

import (

    "fmt"

    "math/rand"

)

const(

    width = 80

    height = 15

)

type Universe [][]bool

func NewUniverse() Universe{

    un:=make(Universe,height)

    for i:= range un{

        un[i]=make([]bool,width)

    }

    return un

}

func (u Universe)Show() {

    for i:=0;i<height;i++ {

        for j:=0;j<width;j++{

            if u[i][j] {

                fmt.Print("*")

            } else {

                fmt.Print(" ")

            }

        }

        fmt.Println("\n")

    }

}

func (u Universe) Seed() {

    for count:=0;count<0.25*width*height;count++{

        w :=rand.Intn(width)

        h :=rand.Intn(height)

        if u[h][w]{

           continue

        } else {

            u[h][w]=true

        }

    }

}

func (u Universe)Alive(x,y int) bool{

    return u[y%height][x%width]

}

func (u Universe)Neighbours(x,y int)int{

    countnum:=0

    if u.Alive(x-1,y-1){

        countnum+=1

    }

    if u.Alive(x,y-1){

        countnum+=1

    }

    if u.Alive(x+1,y-1){

        countnum+=1

    }

    if u.Alive(x-1,y){

        countnum+=1

    }

    if u.Alive(x+1,y){

        countnum+=1

    }

    if u.Alive(x-1,y+1){

        countnum+=1

    }

    if u.Alive(x,y+1){

        countnum+=1

    }

    if u.Alive(x+1,y+1){

        countnum+=1

    }

    return countnum

}

func (u Universe)Next(x,y int)bool {

    al:=u.Alive(x,y)

    nb:=u.Neighbours(x,y)

    if al{

        if nb<2{

            return false

        } else if nb <= 3 {

            return true

        } else{

            return false   

        }

    } else{

        if nb==3{

            return true

        } else{

            return false

        }

    }

}

func step(a,b Universe){

    for i:=0;i<height;i++{

        for j:=0;j<width;j++{

            if a.Next(j,i) {

                b[i][j]= true

            } else {

                b[i][j] = false

            }

        }

    }

    a,b=b,a

}

func main() {

    u1:=NewUniverse()

    fmt.Println("A new universe is created")

    u1.Seed()

    u1.Show()

    u2:=NewUniverse()

    for i:=0;i<10;i++{

        step(u1,u2)

        fmt.Printf("After %v step,the population is like this",i+1)

        u1.Show()

    }

}

1 Answer

+1 vote
answered Apr 10 by Peter Minarik (86,240 points)

If you follow the call stack in the error message, it will point you in the right direction.

The index out-of-range error happens because of the Neighbours function. It checks -1 and +1 indices relative to x and y, but not every coordinate has a -1 or +1 neighbour. The top row in the matrix does not have a y - 1 neighbour, while the bottom row does not have a y + 1 neighbour. Similarly, the left column does not have an x - 1 neighbour, while the right column does not have an x + 1 neighbour.

You need to consider this when looking for your neighbours!

Good luck!

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